Autophagy has been implicated in innate immune responses against various intracellular pathogens.Recent studies have reported that autophagy can be triggered by pathogen recognizing sensors, including Toll-like receptors and cyclic guanosine monophosphate-adenosine monophosphate synthase, to participate in innate immunity.In the present study, we e
Surgery is one of the treatment choices for Graves disease.The residual thyroid tissue may shrink or become larger.The object of this study was trying to find out what factors affect the residual thyroid gland volume change after thyroidectomy in Graves ucsb gaucho blue disease.Methods: We followed thyroid volume changes by ultrasonography in 101 p
piRNAs are small non-coding RNAs that guide the silencing of transposons and other targets in animal gonads.In Drosophila female germline, many piRNA source loci dubbed "piRNA clusters" lack hallmarks of active genes and exploit an alternative path for transcription, which relies on the Rhino-Deadlock-Cutoff (RDC) complex.RDC was thought to be abse
The high altitude mountain slopes of the Dolomites (Italian Alps) are characterized by great habitat and landform heterogeneities.In this paper, we investigated the effect of Nature 2000 habitat and landform types in driving the high altitude ground beetle (Carabidae) distribution in the Western Dolomites (Brenta group, Italy).We studied the carabi
Plastics have inundated the world, with microplastics (MPs) being small particles, less than 5 mm in size, originating from various sources.They pervade ecosystems such as freshwater and marine environments, soils, and the atmosphere.MPs, due to their small size and strong adsorption capacity, pose a threat to plants by inhibiting seed germination,